What is the primary function of the receiver-dryer in a vapor-cycle cooling system?

The primary function of the receiver-dryer in a vapor-cycle cooling system is to serve as a reservoir for the refrigerant. In the context of the system, the receiver-dryer collects the refrigerant that has been condensed and is in liquid form after it leaves the condenser. This component helps ensure that there is a steady supply of liquid refrigerant available for the expansion valve, which allows the system to operate efficiently and effectively.

Additionally, the receiver-dryer plays a crucial role in storing excess refrigerant in the liquid state, particularly during periods of low demand when the system may not require all the refrigerant available. This storage capability helps maintain system pressure and ensures that there is enough liquid refrigerant ready to be sent to the evaporator when necessary. Moreover, the receiver-dryer typically includes a desiccant that absorbs moisture from the refrigerant, preventing water contamination, which could hinder the system's performance and lead to failures.

This functional understanding is essential for maintaining effective cabin atmosphere control in aircraft, where reliable temperature regulation is critical for comfort and safety.